@article{ author = {EskafiNoghani, Maryam and Gorgidge, Farideh and HojjatiShargh, Ali}, title = {A Systematic Review of Quantitative and Qualitative Research on Divorce Factor}, abstract ={Background: Divorce has always been one of the five main issues in the country and one of the criteria for community health. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review quantitative and qualitative research on the factors affecting divorce. Methods: The research community included all the quantitative and qualitative articles published from 2006 to 2016, which regarded the causes of divorce. A total number of 70 quantitative and qualitative studies were selected and reviewed individually. Results: The findings showed that the highest share of the individual and personality trait factors is the variable of addiction (14.28% in quantitative research and 32.3% in qualitative research), followed by verbal and physical violence (28.84% in quantitative research and 21.42% in the qualitative section). The most frequent economic variables in both research categories were economic problems (10.71%) and unemployment (14.7%). Among the social factors, the interference of families and people around them had the highest share and contributed to 17.85% and 21.42% of the quantitative and qualitative research, respectively. Besides, among the cultural factors studied, idealism and the positive imagery of the consequences of divorce with the frequency of 14.7% in quantitative and quantitative research, and the negative effects of media with the frequency of 10.71% in qualitative research had the highest percentages, compared with other variables. Conclusion: Based on the findings, we conducted an analysis using the Boudon model to determine the final pattern of divorce, however, it was impossible to design a comprehensive model.}, Keywords = {Divorce, Systematic review, Quantitative method}, volume = {11}, Number = {3}, pages = {139-146}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.11.3.1444.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1456-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1456-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Rohani, Zahra and Andam, Reza and Bahrololoum, Hasan and Memari, Zhaleh}, title = {Effects of Social Marketing Intervention on Physical Activity promotion Among the Elderly}, abstract ={Background: Social marketing emphasizes the use of commercial marketing concepts and their application for social purposes and also the change of voluntary behavior in a nonprofit manner. This study mainly aimed to examine the effectiveness of social marketing in changing the physical activity of the elderly. Besides, this study sought to determine the extent to which the Andreason social marketing criteria have been targeted in social marketing interventions. Methods: This was a narrative review study that investigated social marketing interventions to promote elderly physical activity, during 2000-2019. The scientific databases (Elmnet, SID, Irandoc, Civilica, Medline, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Emerald) were searched between February and March 2019. The searched keywords included physical activity, social marketing, the elderly, social marketing mix, improving physical activity level, social marketing intervention, social marketing campaigns, and the Andreasen criteria. Finally, nine articles entered the study. Then, the mixed marketing components were extracted from the interventions, and six benchmarks of the Andrasen social marketing interventions were analyzed. Results: Most articles employed four components of the marketing mix. No intervention had applied the six measures of the Andrasen social marketing criteria. Also, five studies reported positive behavioral changes. However, other studies have reported no change in negative behavior. According to the evidence gathered in our study, social marketing offers an effective behavioral change approach to increase physical activity in the elderly. Conclusion: The present findings provide the basis for comprehensive and effective social marketing interventions.}, Keywords = {Social marketing, Physical activity, Aging, Mediation}, volume = {11}, Number = {3}, pages = {147-156}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.11.3.1737.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1828-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1828-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Zarei, Salm}, title = {Problematic Smartphone Use and Aggressive Behavior Among University Students: The Mediating Role of Sleep Disturbance}, abstract ={Background: Despite several benefits, research has found that problematic smartphone use is positively associated with behavioral problems. However, the internal mechanisms underlying this relationship need further investigation. So, the current study aimed to investigate the mediating role of sleep disturbance in the relationship between problematic smartphone use and aggression. Methods: The research design was descriptive-correlational. Also, the study population included the male university students of the Islamic Azad University of South Tehran Branch in the academic year of 2019-2020. Using the convenience sampling method, a total number of 213 participants from two faculties (Faculty of Human Sciences and Faculty of Law and Political Sciences) were selected and tested by Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Then, the Pearson correlation and path analysis were conducted to analyze the data.  Results: The results revealed the significant and direct effects of problematic smartphone use on aggression (β=0.12, P<0.05), sleep quality on aggression (β=0.37, P<0.001), and problematic smartphone use on sleep disturbance (β=0.42, P<0.001). Also, sleep quality significantly mediated in the relationship between problematic smartphone use and aggression (β=0.15, P<0.01).  Conclusion: According to the present findings, problematic smartphone use and sleep disturbance are two important factors affecting aggressive behavior among university students. These findings highlight the critical role of early intervention for aggression with a focus on those with problematic smartphone use and more specifically those with sleep disturbance.}, Keywords = {Sleep, Aggression, Smartphone}, volume = {11}, Number = {3}, pages = {157-164}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.11.3.1224.3}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1865-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1865-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Parvish, Toktam and Behravan, Hossein and HasaniDarmian, Gholamrez}, title = {Identification and Prioritization of Effective Factors on the Social Health of the Elderly Using DEMATEL and ISM Methods}, abstract ={Background: The number of elderly people is growing continuously. These people are more vulnerable to social harm, such as loneliness, depression, etc, on the eve of aging. Therefore, it is important to promote their social health indicators as factors influencing social development. Generally, the interactions of various factors affect social health. Thus, this study aimed to identify, prioritize, and assess the extent of the interactions between the factors affecting the elderly’s social health. Methods: The present study applied a combinatory research method, including two sections of qualitative and quantitative. In the qualitative section, factors that affected the elderly’s social health were identified through the evaluation of 14 factors. In the quantitative section, the interpretive structural modeling and evaluation technique and decision-making test were used to evaluate factors and quantitatively analyze the relationships between factors, respectively. Besides, 12 experienced experts in the field of elderly health from the Deputy of Health of Khorasan Razavi province participated in this section. Results: The results showed that among the factors studied, socioeconomic status, social capital, residence (home shelter), social support, and environmental factors were effective factors on the social health of the elderly. Also, leisure time, lifestyle, and social vitality were identified as affected factors or effects. Conclusion: The researchers suggest that policymakers and specialists should consider prioritizing the causes and effects in the area of elderly’s social health and pay particular attention and focus on the effective factors. Proper planning will create the ideal conditions for older people, reduce the economic burden of old age, and enhance social development and advancement in different fields.}, Keywords = {Social determinants of health, Aging, Statistics as the topic}, volume = {11}, Number = {3}, pages = {165-174}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.11.3.1736.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1827-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1827-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Khodaei, Hassan and Fathi, Ayat and Alipour, Raheleh}, title = {Effectiveness of Social Skills Training in the High-risk Behaviors and Communication Skills of Secondary School Students}, abstract ={Background: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of social skills training in high-risk behaviors and communication skills among secondary school students in Kaleybar City. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test control group design. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the male high school students of Kaleybar City in the academic year of 2018-2019. First, two high schools were randomly selected from the districts of Kaleybar (East Azarbaijan province), one class was randomly selected from each school, and then, 40 students in the selected schools were randomly assigned into two groups: experimental (n=20) and control (n=20). The high-risk behaviors and communication skills scales were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and covariance analysis were used to analyze the data at the significant level of 0.05. Results: The results showed that social skills training focused on high-risk behavior and its components (violence, smoking, drug use, alcohol consumption, and the opposite sex) and communication skills (feedback, listening, and verbal skills) positively affected the students, reduced risky behaviors, and increased communication skills (P<0.05). Conclusion: Paying attention to the social skills of students can crucially reduce their high-risk behaviors and enhance their communication skills.}, Keywords = {Communication, High risk, Social skill}, volume = {11}, Number = {3}, pages = {175-182}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.11.3.1713.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1805-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1805-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Bahrami, Farahnaz and Armanmehr, Vajihe and Rezaeian, Shahab and Alami, Ali and Kharazmi, Akram}, title = {Sociodemographic Determinants of Marital Satisfaction Among an Iranian Population}, abstract ={Background: There is a lack of Iranian studies on marital satisfaction, which is one of the important factors in the stability of marriage. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of sociodemographic variables on marital satisfaction. Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted on 770 married people from Gonabad City, Northeast of Iran. The simple random sampling method was used. Also, the ENRICH marital satisfaction scale was used to measure marital satisfaction as a dependent variable. A cut-off score of 100 was considered for the scale, with higher scores indicating satisfaction. Moreover, the logistic regression model was used to examine the effects of the variables on marital satisfaction. Results: The Mean±SD age of the participants was 39.2±10.6 years. Most of the participants (75%) were categorized as satisfied, with a Mean±SD score of 113.9±26.8. Besides, both univariate and multiple regression analyses showed a strong significant relationship between economic status and marital satisfaction, ie, a better economic status increased the odds of marital satisfaction. After controlling other investigated variables, the logistic regression model showed that men are about two times more likely than women to be satisfied with their marriage (adjusted odds ratio=1.82).  Conclusion: The present findings showed that family income and gender positively influence marital satisfaction. Accordingly, marital satisfaction and family solidarity could be enhanced by the provision of legal and social rules to ensure the equal right of men and women, as well as attempts to improve the economic status of the families.}, Keywords = {Marital satisfaction, Satisfaction, Relationships}, volume = {11}, Number = {3}, pages = {183-190}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.11.3.100.5}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1731-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1731-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Shahabi, Abbasali and Ehteshamzadeh, Parvin and Asgari, Parviz and Makvandi, Behnam}, title = {Effectiveness of ACT vs Guided Imagery on Emotional Regulation of Cardiac Patients}, abstract ={Background: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Guided Imagery (GI) in the Emotional Regulation (ER) of cardiovascular patients referred to a cardiac rehabilitation department. Methods: This was an experimental study with a pre-test, post-test design and a 45-day follow-up. Using the purposive sampling method, 45 patients with cardiovascular diseases were selected among those who referred to the cardiac rehabilitation ward of Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad City, Iran, from March to August 2017; the patients were then assigned into three groups. The intervention groups received ACT or GI programs. Also, the patients completed the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire in three stages of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. Results: The obtained data indicated a significant difference between the ACT and GI groups, concerning positive and negative ER. Also, the analysis of variance suggested the effectiveness of both interventions in the studied subjects (P<0.001). Besides, the effectiveness of ACT was significantly greater than that of GI in increasing positive and negative ER among the studied patients. Conclusion: The present findings reveal that experiential avoidance—as one of the main cores of psychological inflexibility in ACT—is significantly and negatively correlated with adaptive ER strategies. One of the main goals of ACT is to reduce avoidance, thus, ACT can improve adaptive ER strategies. Accordingly, ACT is more effective than GI in increasing positive ER strategies in patients with cardiovascular diseases.}, Keywords = {Acceptance and commitment therapy, Imagery, Emotional regulations, Cardiac rehabilitation}, volume = {11}, Number = {3}, pages = {191-202}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.11.3.1735.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1826-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1826-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2021} } @article{ author = {Kakabaraee, Keivan and Seidy, Maryam}, title = {Effect of the Problem-solving on the Mental Well-being of Mothers With Autistic Children}, abstract ={Background: The birth of an exceptional child in a family can decrease the mental well-being of family members. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the family-centered problem-solving intervention on the mental well-being of the mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test, post-test, follow-up design and a control group. The statistical population of the study included all the mothers of children with autism disorder in Kermanshah City. Using the purposeful sampling method, we selected 30 mothers of autistic children studying at a rehabilitation center and randomly assigned them into the two groups of experimental (n=15) and control (n=15). In this study, the Satisfaction With Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (Watson et al., 1988) were used to measure mental well-being. After collecting the pre-test data of the mothers in the experimental group, 10 2-hour sessions (for a month) of family-centered problem-solving programs were administered. Also, the post-test and follow-up phases were executed after the end of the sessions and a 1-month interval, respectively. Finally, the obtained data were analyzed considering the repeated measures design. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores in the variable studied. However, the post-test and follow-up scores did not significantly differ in the variable studied. Conclusion: The results of this study supported the effectiveness of family-centered problem-solving training intervention on mental well-being and its subscales. Therefore, the family-centered problem-solving training program is of great importance as a preventive program.}, Keywords = {Problem-solving, Mental health, Mothers, Autism Spectrum Disorder}, volume = {11}, Number = {3}, pages = {203-212}, publisher = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.11.3.118.4}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1849-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-1849-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2021} }