@article{ author = {Sitoayu, Laras and PurwaraDewanti, Lintang and Melani, Vitria and AzahraSumitra, Putri and RulinaMarpaung, Mutiar}, title = {Differences in Eating Habits, Stress, and Weight Changes Among Indonesian Generations Y and Z Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic}, abstract ={Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted society and students from various generations. Generations are a group of people who have the same age, traits, and experiences. Not all generations can overcome the impact of the pandemic on themselves, which is the cause of various problems in each generation, influencing on eating habits, behaviors, and stress. Generations Z and Y have reacted greatly to the COVID-19 pandemic. Generation Z is instantaneous, sophisticated, and adaptable to the digital world, while Generation Y is a transitional generation between conventional and digital. The latter is more patient in facing challenges. This study analyzes the differences in eating habits, stress, and lifestyle because of the COVID-19 pandemic in these two generations. Methods: This research was conducted on Indonesian students, divided into groups in terms of Generations Z and Y with a cross-sectional design. The research data was collected online from 237 Indonesian students in April 2021. We used the snowball method for sampling. The analysis of differences was carried out using the independent t-test. Results: The results showed differences in changes in eating habits and stress between the two generations (P<0.05). Generation Y experienced more changes in eating habits compared to generation Z during the pandemic. Additionally, generation Z experienced more stress compared to Generation Y. For weight changes, no difference was observed between the two generations. Each generation experienced weight changes, but it was not significant. Conclusion: Generation Y can better control stress because of the COVID-19 pandemic compared to generation Z. However, with changes in eating habits, generation Y has experienced more changes. Both generations experienced an increase in body weight. There needs to be education and motivation for various generations to face the new normal to not get easily stressed, which can result in changes in eating habits and weight. }, Keywords = {Generation Z and Y, Pandemic impact, Eating habits, Stress, Weight changes}, volume = {13}, Number = {2}, pages = {79-86}, publisher = {}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.13.2.2076.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2156-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2156-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2023} } @article{ author = {Kaplan, Veysel and Düken, Mehmet Emin and Kaya, Rabia and Almazan, Joseph}, title = {Investigating the Effects of Cognitive-Behavioral-Therapy-based Psychoeducation Program on University Students’ Automatic Thoughts, Perceived Stress, and Self-efficacy Levels}, abstract ={Background: University life is a special period in which students take full responsibility for their lives, especially as individuals. This period includes many positive and negative situations. As a result, they need serious psychological support to cope with the potential or real problems they experience. This study aims to determine the effects of cognitive-behavioral-therapy-based psychoeducation programs on university students’ automatic thoughts, perceived stress, and self-efficacy levels. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with a single group pre-test and post-test design. The research was carried out at a university in Turkey from October 1 to November 15, 2022. The sample consisted of 223 students who agreed to participate in the research. The psychoeducation program prepared within the scope of the study was conducted face-to-face for four 45-min sessions. In this study, we used an individual introduction form, automatic thought questionnaire, perceived stress scale, and general self-efficacy scale. Data analysis was done via SPSS software, version 23. To analyze the data, we used descriptive statistics along with the Pearson correlation test and the Spearman correlation test. Results: A total of 73.4% of the students who participated in the research were female and 49.5% stayed in the student dormitory. The economic situation of 53.2% was moderate and 41.4% to 67.1% of the students had a good relationship with their families, while 63.5% had a good relationship with their friends. After the psychoeducation, a significant decrease was observed in the mean scores of students’ automatic thoughts and perceived stress, while their self-perception scores increased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: The cognitive-behavioral-therapy-based psychoeducation program positively affects university students in various aspects. After the psychoeducation, the perceived stress levels of the students decreased, their self-efficacy levels were positively affected, and their negative automatic thinking levels decreased. }, Keywords = {CBT, Psychoeducation, University students, Automatic thoughts, Perceived stress, Self-efficacy}, volume = {13}, Number = {2}, pages = {87-98}, publisher = {}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.13.2.2125.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2181-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2181-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2023} } @article{ author = {Barghbani, Hamid and Barghbani, Rouhollah and Salehi, Yeganeh and Rad, Mostaf}, title = {Investigating the Effects of the Virtual Training of the Benson Relaxation Technique on Illness Anxiety Disorder Among the Informal Caregivers of COVID-19 Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial}, abstract ={Background: Informal caregivers of COVID-19 patients, who are in direct contact with patients and the virus, experience many psychological issues and are prone to Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD). Accordingly, this study aims to determine the effects of virtual training of the Benson Relaxation Technique (BRT) on IAD in the informal caregivers of COVID-19 patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 54 informal caregivers of COVID-19 patients who scored X ≥20 on the health anxiety inventory (HAI) by Salkovskis. They were randomly divided into control (n=28) and intervention (n=26) groups. The intervention group received the BRT audio file and pamphlet through messengers, and applied this technique twice a day, each for 20 min, for 3 weeks. However, the control group did not receive any training. Subsequently, after 3 weeks, HAI was completed by both groups again. Data analysis was done using SPSS software, version 22. Results: The mean score of IAD in the informal caregivers of the patients before the intervention in the experimental and the control groups was 24.88±5.89 and 23.27±5.64, respectively. After the intervention, the mean score of the IAD in the informal caregivers of the patients in the intervention and the control groups changed to 17.30±7.15 and 19.78±7.14, respectively. The result of the t-test showed a significant difference between the changes in the IAD scores of the two groups after the implementation of the intervention (P=0.046). Conclusion: The findings show that the virtual training of BRT, as a comprehensive, simple, and inexpensive method, reduces IAD in the informal caregivers of COVID-19 patients. The healthcare systems can take steps to support these people who are exposed to IAD by providing virtual training of BRT to informal caregivers of COVID-19 patients. }, Keywords = {Virtual, Relaxation therapy, Anxiety disorders, Caregivers, COVID-19}, volume = {13}, Number = {2}, pages = {99-108}, publisher = {}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.13.2.2111.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2166-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2166-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2023} } @article{ author = {Sepahvand, Fatemeh and Rezaei, Fatemeh and Sahraei, Qhasem and Beiranvand, Mahboobeh}, title = {Investigating the Effectiveness of Positive-thinking-based Poetry Therapy on Infertility Stress and Psychological Well-being in Infertile Women}, abstract ={Background: Infertility is a global problem that leads to psychological complications. Studies show that the psychological damage caused by infertility is far greater in women compared to men. Infertility reduces psychological well-being and causes infertility stress in infertile women. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of positive-thinking-based poetry therapy on infertility stress and psychological well-being in infertile women. Methods: This quasi-experimental research was conducted with a pre-test, post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included all infertile women. The sample size consisted of 46 women who were selected via the convenience sampling method. They were randomly assigned to experimental (n=23) and control groups (n=23). The experimental group received the package of positive-thinking-based poetry therapy which was compiled by the researchers, for eight 90-min sessions. The data was collected using the infertility stress questionnaire and the psychological well-being scale. The data were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance via the SPSS software, version 22. Results: The multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance results showed that positive-thinking-based poetry therapy has a positive and significant effect on improving infertility stress psychological and well-being in infertile women (P<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results, the change in mental attitude and emergence of positive emotions caused by the intervention of positive-thinking-based poetry therapy improved the infertility stress and psychological well-being of infertile women. }, Keywords = {Positive thinking, Poetry therapy, Infertility stress, Psychological well-being, Infertility}, volume = {13}, Number = {2}, pages = {109-116}, publisher = {}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.13.2.2043.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2099-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2099-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2023} } @article{ author = {Fathima, Aumrin and Daniel, Aru}, title = {Life Style Factors and Morbidity Pattern of Biscuit Company Workers in Puducherry City, India}, abstract ={Background: The baking industry does not have a hazardous occupational environment; however, it is not free from ergonomic derangement. The biscuit factory workers are exposed to noise, heat, odor, flour dust, sugar dust, and biscuit dust Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on all males and females of more than 18 years of age among employees of a biscuit company in Puducherry City, India, who met the inclusion criteria. According to previous research, the sample size was calculated at 494. We used the simple random sampling method. The data regarding participants’ sociodemographic variables, namely dietary patterns, physical activity, and addictions (including alcohol and smoking) were recorded using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. The statistical analysis was done in the SPSS software, version 28. Results: Most of the participants (41.8%) were in the productive age group (18 to 30 years). The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus was 62.69% and 37.31%, respectively. Skin disorders (14.2%) were shown to be the most common cause of morbidities, followed by dental morbidity at 13.4%. Meanwhile, the least of the participants were in musculoskeletal morbidity (10%). There was an association between mixed diet, physical inactivity, alcoholic and tobacco consumption, and fruit consumption of fewer than 2 days per week with noncommunicable diseases. These differences were statistically significant (P≤0.05).  Conclusion: The employees of the biscuit factory are exposed to chemicals that may be linked to morbidities. The non-communicable diseases were also more prevalent among tobacco and alcohol users, suggesting more research to determine whether these behaviors were stress busters for tension and discomfort. Nearly all of the employees in the companies had undergone a sort of medical examination in recent years. This shows that the workplace has high safety and sanitary requirements. }, Keywords = {Morbidity pattern, Noncommunicable diseases, Biscuit factory}, volume = {13}, Number = {2}, pages = {117-122}, publisher = {}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.13.2.2018.2}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2142-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2142-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2023} } @article{ author = {Sharifpour, Latifeh and Askarizadeh, Ghasem and Bagheri, Masou}, title = {Investigating the Effectiveness of Art Therapy Based on Painting on Sleep Quality of Pregnant Women}, abstract ={Background: Various factors, such as pregnancy, can lead to irregular sleep patterns. Sleep disturbances are common during pregnancy, leading to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of art therapy based on painting on the sleep quality of pregnant women in the third trimester. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study followed by a pre-test, post-test design and a control group. The statistical population included pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy who were referred to 22 Bahman Health Center of Kerman City, Iran, in 2019. According to the inclusion criteria, 34 individuals were selected via the convenience sampling method and randomly assigned into the experimental (n=17) and the control group (n=17). To collect the data, we used the Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Then, twelve 90-min sessions of art therapy based on painting were carried out on the experimental group. After completing these sessions, we conducted a post-test. Data analysis was performed by multivariate analysis of covariance and the Bonferroni post hoc test in the SPSS software, version 26. Results: Art therapy based on the painting had significant effects on sleep quality and its components (P<0.001), while no significant differences were found in the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Art therapy based on painting can effectively improve pregnant women’s sleep quality. Accordingly, applying this method is recommended to improve the status of these individuals.  }, Keywords = {Art therapy, Painting, Sleep quality, Pregnancy, Third trimester}, volume = {13}, Number = {2}, pages = {123-132}, publisher = {}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.13.2.2062.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2110-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2110-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2023} } @article{ author = {BozorgiKazerooni, Ameneh and Gholamipour, Niloufar}, title = {Investigating the Moderating Role of Cognitive Flexibility in the Relationship Between Maltreatment and Emotion Regulation in Adolescence With Childhood Trauma}, abstract ={Background: Adolescence is a developmental period when adverse childhood experiences significantly impact the individual because of the changes in brain structure and functioning. This research aims to investigate the relationship between maltreatment and emotion regulation with the moderating role of cognitive flexibility in adolescence with childhood trauma. Methods: This was a descriptive-correlational study. The study population consisted of all adolescents who were referred to the psychological and psychiatric disorders clinics and medical clinics of Shiraz City, Iran, in the spring semester of 2021. The population included 250 individuals, of which 175 were selected as the sample of the research via the simple random sampling method according to the Morgan Table. The research tools were the childhood trauma questionnaire, the cognitive flexibility questionnaire, the psychological maltreatment scale, and the emotional regulation scale. After completing the questionnaires, the data were entered into the SPSS software, version 23, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The Pearson correlation test and the regression method were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed a significant negative correlation between maltreatment with emotion regulation (r=-0.531, P<0.001). The results showed that the interaction of these 3 variables indicated that cognitive flexibility has a moderating role in the relationship between maltreatment and emotional regulation (β=-0.90, P<0.01). Moreover, the results indicated that the relationship between maltreatment and emotion regulation in adolescence with high flexibility is higher than in individuals with low flexibility. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that cognitive flexibility can act as a moderator when considering the impact of trauma. The developed task could provide a novel way to assess this flexibility within an emotional context.}, Keywords = {Cognitive flexibility, Maltreatment, Emotion regulation, Childhood trauma, Adolescence}, volume = {13}, Number = {2}, pages = {133-142}, publisher = {}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.13.2.2075.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2127-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2127-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2023} } @article{ author = {Mirahmadizadeh, Alireza and Heiran, Alireza and Hemmati, Abdolrasool and Lotfi, Mehrzad and Akbari, Mahsa and Forouzanrad, Alireza and Sahebi, Roy}, title = {Temperature and COVID-19 Incidence: An Ecologic Study}, abstract ={Background: According to the hypothesis, COVID-19 is less prevalent in regions with warm climates. Contradictory results have led us to investigate the correlation between temperature and the cumulative COVID-19 incidence rate. Methods: We obtained COVID-19 data from CRONALAB, COVID-DASHBOARD, and MCMC databases of Fars Province, Iran, linked the data and finalized daily COVID-19 cases. The daily data on the temperature was gotten from meteorological stations’ reports from March 21, 2020, to March 21, 2021, for each county of Fars Province, Southern Iran. The daily weighted cumulative incidence rate of COVID-19 cases was calculated for all counties, separately. Initially, for uniform data visualization, the average air temperature data were transformed into ranked percentiles. Then, to visually assess the study hypothesis, the distribution of COVID-19 cumulative incidence was visualized on percentiles of temperature. Given the non-linear distribution of the data, we performed exploratory analyses using the generalized additive models and locally weighted (polynomial) regressions to choose the best response function. Then, the generalized linear models were used to parametrically build the model. Results: The generalized additive models showed a small decreasing, near horizontal, linear pattern for COVID-19 incidence rate as the function of temperature (pseudo R2: 0.001, deviance explained: 0.13%, coefficient: -0.02). The GLMs showed head-to-head results (deviance explained: 0.13%, coefficient: -0.02], supported by similar Akaike information criteria (AICs) (34945). However, according to the locally weighted regressions model’s curve, lower COVID-19 incidence rates were recorded on days when the temperatures ranged from 60 to 80 percentiles, equal to 20°C to 25°C in a cold climate and 25°C to 35°C in a warm climate. This is while the rates increased at lower and upper temperatures. Conclusion: Daily COVID-19 incidence rate cannot be explained as a function of daily temperature in Southern parts of Iran. Higher rates of disease transmission out of the range of 20°C to 25°C for cold temperatures and 25°C to 35°C for warm climates might be linked to people’s indoor gatherings, coupled with insufficient ventilation.}, Keywords = {COVID-19, Climate, Temperature, Ventilation}, volume = {13}, Number = {2}, pages = {143-148}, publisher = {}, title_fa = {}, abstract_fa ={}, keywords_fa = {}, doi = {10.32598/JRH.13.2.2052.1}, url = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2103-en.html}, eprint = {http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2103-en.pdf}, journal = {Journal of Research and Health}, issn = {2423-5717}, eissn = {2423-5717}, year = {2023} }