Volume 16, Issue 3 (May & June 2026)
J Research Health 2026, 16(3): 295-304 |
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Ethics code: LB.02.01.I/KE/L/287/2023
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Saefurrohim M Z, Ariyanti R, Rahayu E P, Rahayu A P. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Depression Among Indonesian Adolescents. J Research Health 2026; 16 (3) :295-304
URL: http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2835-en.html
URL: http://jrh.gmu.ac.ir/article-1-2835-en.html
1- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia. , saefurrohim@fkm.unmul.ac.id
2- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia.
3- Department of Health Policy and Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia.
4- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia.
2- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia.
3- Department of Health Policy and Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia.
4- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, Indonesia.
Abstract: (51 Views)
Background: Depression affects an estimated 2.8% of adolescents aged 15–19 globally. In Indonesia, the 2023 Indonesia health survey (IHS) reported a national depression prevalence of 1.4%, with the highest rate (around 2%) reported among individuals aged 15–24 years. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression and identify sociodemographic determinants, clinical determinants, and behaviors associated with depression in adolescents aged 15–19 years, based on representative national data from IHS 2023.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using IHS 2023 data, involving 52,531 adolescents aged 15–19. Variables included demographics, health status, lifestyle behaviors, and family history of mental health. Depression was assessed using the Mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI). Multivariable logistic regression was performed in R Studio (significance level <0.05).
Results: Key factors significantly associated with depression included living with a family member with a mental disorder (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=5.741), having non-communicable diseases (NCD) (aOR=6.408), asthma (aOR=3.105), visual impairment (aOR=3.614), smoking (aOR=3.6), and recent alcohol use (aOR=3.16). Heavy physical activity (aOR=1.286) and hearing difficulties (aOR=1.641) were also significant predictors. In contrast, age, employment, marital status, and health insurance were not significantly associated with depression. Male adolescents had a significantly lower risk than females (aOR=0.192).
Conclusion: A multisectoral approach is needed, including adolescent mental health screening, education on healthy lifestyles free from tobacco and alcohol, support interventions for adolescents with chronic diseases or sensory disorders, and family involvement in the early detection and treatment of mental disorders.
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using IHS 2023 data, involving 52,531 adolescents aged 15–19. Variables included demographics, health status, lifestyle behaviors, and family history of mental health. Depression was assessed using the Mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI). Multivariable logistic regression was performed in R Studio (significance level <0.05).
Results: Key factors significantly associated with depression included living with a family member with a mental disorder (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=5.741), having non-communicable diseases (NCD) (aOR=6.408), asthma (aOR=3.105), visual impairment (aOR=3.614), smoking (aOR=3.6), and recent alcohol use (aOR=3.16). Heavy physical activity (aOR=1.286) and hearing difficulties (aOR=1.641) were also significant predictors. In contrast, age, employment, marital status, and health insurance were not significantly associated with depression. Male adolescents had a significantly lower risk than females (aOR=0.192).
Conclusion: A multisectoral approach is needed, including adolescent mental health screening, education on healthy lifestyles free from tobacco and alcohol, support interventions for adolescents with chronic diseases or sensory disorders, and family involvement in the early detection and treatment of mental disorders.
Type of Study: Orginal Article |
Subject:
● Psychosocial Health
Received: 2025/07/2 | Accepted: 2025/09/20 | Published: 2026/03/14
Received: 2025/07/2 | Accepted: 2025/09/20 | Published: 2026/03/14
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